Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens
Oliver Twist is born in a workhouse in 1830s England. His mother, whose name no one knows, is found on the street and dies just after Oliver’s birth. Oliver spends the first nine years of his life in a badly run home for young orphans and then is transferred to a workhouse for adults. After the other boys bully Oliver into asking for more gruel at the end of a meal, Mr. Bumble, the parish beadle, offers five pounds to anyone who will take the boy away from the workhouse. Oliver narrowly escapes being apprenticed to a brutish chimney sweep and is eventually apprenticed to a local undertaker, Mr. Sowerberry. When the undertaker’s other apprentice, Noah Claypole, makes disparaging comments about Oliver’s mother, Oliver attacks him and incurs the Sowerberrys’ wrath. Desperate, Oliver runs away at dawn and travels toward London.
Outside London, Oliver,
starved and exhausted, meets Jack Dawkins, a boy his own age. Jack offers him
shelter in the London house of his benefactor, Fagin.
It turns out that Fagin is a career criminal who trains orphan boys to pick
pockets for him. After a few days of training, Oliver is sent on a
pickpocketing mission with two other boys. When he sees them swipe a
handkerchief from an elderly gentleman, Oliver is horrified and runs off. He is
caught but narrowly escapes being convicted of the theft. Mr. Brownlow, the man
whose handkerchief was stolen, takes the feverish Oliver to his home and nurses
him back to health. Mr. Brownlow is struck by Oliver’s resemblance to a
portrait of a young woman that hangs in his house. Oliver thrives in Mr.
Brownlow’s home, but two young adults in Fagin’s gang, Bill Sikes and his
lover Nancy,
capture Oliver and return him to Fagin.
Fagin sends
Oliver to assist Sikes in a burglary. Oliver is shot by a servant of the house
and, after Sikes escapes, is taken in by the women who live there, Mrs. Maylie
and her beautiful adopted niece Rose. They grow fond of Oliver, and he spends
an idyllic summer with them in the countryside. But Fagin and a mysterious man
named Monks are set on recapturing Oliver. Meanwhile, it is revealed that
Oliver’s mother left behind a gold locket when she died. Monks obtains and
destroys that locket. When the Maylies come to London, Nancy meets secretly with
Rose and informs her of Fagin’s designs, but a member of Fagin’s gang overhears
the conversation. When word of Nancy’s disclosure reaches Sikes, he brutally
murders Nancy and flees London. Pursued by his guilty conscience and an angry
mob, he inadvertently hangs himself while trying to escape.
Themes
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